Sacrifice
There are few concepts more easily misinterpreted than sacrifice.
Its etymology is strongly religious, as in a precious offering to a deity (to appease, to atone for sins committed, to heed a request, etc.). The modern dictionary says that it is “the destruction or surrender of something for the sake of something else.” This then gives us three kinds of sacrifices:
Beneficial sacrifice The surrender/destruction of a lesser value for a greater value. Example: pawn “sacrificed” to capture a queen in a game of Chess.
Detrimental sacrifice The surrender/destruction of a greater value for lesser value. Example: saving a stranger’s life at the expense of your wife’s.
Trade (non- sacrifice) The surrender/destruction of something for the sake of something of equal value. Example: exchanging your bills for coins.
The third is actually a problematic type of sacrifice, but is ultimately necessary to express the concept clearly. In other words, sacrifice is a form of “exchange” (though not necessarily between two entities) that is undertaken consciously. It can either be advantageous, disadvantageous or neutral from the perspective of the party involved.
For all practical purposes, I consider only the first type as genuine sacrifice. A detrimental sacrifice is just plain stupidity and a trade, well, is technically not a sacrifice.
In order for us to make sense of the concept of sacrifice, we must first have a working hierarchy of values -- one that is universally sound and will stand to intense scrutiny. It does not need to be definite and detailed, for we can make it up along the way or even change it as we deem fit. The important thing is that it coincides with what we believe in and in no way contradicts our individual principles.
The framework God > Country > Family > Self or a similar permutation may work just fine for most people. But we all know it’s never as simple as that. What’s curious about values is that it has often become a philosophical end-in-itself. Most rationalizations point to values as a foundation, a starting point of everything, to the point that nobody has bothered to explain how they are formed and where they come from.
But no one has to. We just know. We know that giving up smoking is nothing compared to the well-being one will regain from it, and the eventual joy it would bring those who care about us; we know that relinquishing one’s role in a loved one’s life is nothing compared to the happiness derived from doing the right thing; we know that something is always better than nothing; and we all know that the self infinitely extends to everything we value. We just know these things.
There is no such thing as an unselfish sacrifice. That’s an oxymoron.
